Flagstaff is a high altitude city and the county seat of, Coconino County in northern Arizona. Arizona being the 48th state, is located in the southwestern United States. In 2019, the estimated population for the city was 75,038. Flagstaff’s combined metro area has a population of roughly 139,098. Flagstaff is located near the southwestern rim of the Colorado Plateau and is situated within what’s known as the San Francisco volcanic field.  Flagstaff, AZ is positioned along the western side of the continental United States, and is home to the largest contiguous ponderosa pineforest in the continental United States as well. The city elevation level is right around 7,100 feet, and is next to Mount Elden, just to the south of the San Francisco Peaks.  These are the highest mountain range mountains in the entire state of Arizona. Humphreys Peak is the highest elevation point in Arizona, and it is approximately 12,634 feet, and is located roughly 10 miles (16 km) due north of Flagstaff in buried in the Kachina Peaks Wilderness district. The vast majority of the geology in and around Flagstaff includes exposed rock formed some time ago in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras. Many of the cities historic district buildings have been built with Moenkopi Formation (red sandstone) that was quarried from the area. The Rio de Flag river winds its way through the city area. Pre-Columbian native Sinagua people have settled in the city’s area, in order to take advantage of Flagstaff’s  fertile land.  This area became fertile due to the volcanic ash that settled after eruptions that took place some time in the 11th century. The city itself was first settled in it’s present-day city location during the year 1876. The area’s local businessmen made a huge push for the nationally famous Route 66 to pass through the city.  The historic push came to fruition, and turned the local primary industry from lumber over to tourism. This road was instrumental in the development of the downtown Flagstaff area. In the 1930s, the planet Pluto was first discovered from Flagstaff, Arizona. The cities development progressed all the way through until the end of the late 60s. Various observatories around Flagstaff were also used to precisely pick the Moon landing sites for the Apollo generation NASA space missions. Throughout the 1970s and into the 1980s, Flagstaff’s downtown area fell into dire disrepair, but was remodeled and revitalized in the 1990s during a major cultural heritage renovation project.